Decoding polypharmacy: Traversing through the healthcare advancements

Senescence is a natural phenomenon of all living organisms in which the body functions of the man start declining over age. It has a huge impact on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of the drug. Diet and exercise can alter the pace of ageing. A balanced diet is essential for performing the body's functions effectively. Antioxidants can slow down the process of ageing. The drug response gets altered as age advances, which in turn leads to a lack of efficacy of the drug as well as toxicity. The human being's liver, kidney and gastrointestinal tract are affected severely by the changes at the cellular level over age. This would urge healthcare professionals to adjust doses to certain drugs metabolized by the liver enzymes and eliminated by the kidneys. This review focuses on the types of polypharmacy and the ways by which we can detect polypharmacy. It also emphasizes the interrelationships of the human microbiome, genome and polypharmacy. Recent healthcare advancements have helped us develop strategies to combat polypharmacy.