Gut microbiota: Influences, health implications, and multiomics approaches

Gut microbiota comprises microorganisms throughout the gastrointestinal tract, influencing human health. Factors like diet, medication, and illnesses impact its balance. Changes in the microbiota relate to diseases such as diabetes, obesity, gastrointestinal disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Studies focus on the microbiota–intestine–brain axis and how diet controls microbiota. Probiotics and prebiotics affect its balance. Aging and diseases cause compositional and functional changes in microbiota. Multiomics approaches are essential to understanding microbial community functions and health connections.