Linoleic acid: A modulator ofinflammatory pathways in breast cancer

Linoleic acid (LA) is an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid that plays a critical role in various physiological functions. It is an omega-6 fatty acid that has several health advantages, especially for cellular, cardiovascular, and skin health. However, a balanced approach to intake is necessary due to its impact on inflammation and cancer risk. Dietary LA binds to fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) of malignant cells in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), an extremely aggressive cancer that has few treatment options. This binding activates a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) growth pathway in cancer cells, triggering a signalling cascade that promotes cell proliferation in triple-negative breast cancer. To promote a better omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, it is advised to balance LA intake with omega-3 fatty acids. For optimum health, whole, less processed foods should be prioritised.