Phytopharmaceuticals for brain disorders: An Indian perspective

The increasing prevalence of central nervous system (CNS) disorders in India, including neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, alongside mental health issues such as depression and anxiety, presents a significant health challenge. Traditional Indian medicinal plants, including Bacopa monnieri, Withania somnifera, Centella asiatica, and Curcuma longa, demonstrate promising neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing effects supported by both preclinical and clinical evidence. However, their therapeutic application is hindered by challenges such as poor solubility, limited blood-brain barrier permeability, rapid metabolism, and stability concerns. To address these issues, innovative formulation strategies, including nanoformulations and prodrugs, are being investigated to improve bioavailability and efficacy. By combining traditional knowledge with modern pharmaceutical approaches, Indian phytopharmaceuticals have the potential to offer effective, safe, and affordable treatments for CNS disorders, enhancing the quality of life for those affected.