“Kryptonite” strategies to weaken the “Super-Bugs” a menace to the world

With the discovery and clinical use of antibiotics, starting with penicillin in the 1940’s, humans have been protected from many bacterial diseases. However, the reckless and rampant use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) which has caused treatment failures, increased morbidity, mortality, and skyrocketed treatment costs. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared AMR as one of the top global health threats in 2019. The Indian National Health Policy of 2017 acknowledged the threat posed by antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by recognizing the need for rapid standardization of guidelines regarding the use of antibiotics, to limit the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal livestock and to recommend pharmacovigilance of prescription audits with respect to antibiotic usage in the community and in healthcare facilities