Emerging trends in Stem Cell Therapy: Types, Clinical Benefits, Technologies, and Future Prospects

The process of introducing healthy new cells into a patient's body to take the place of diseased or damaged ones, altering the function of the patient's cells through the expression of factors or direct interaction, or removing disease-causing or dysfunctional cells with the help of immune cells is all referred to as cell therapy. Charles-Edouard Brown-Sequard, a pioneer in hormone therapy at the time, attempted to counteract the signs of aging through injections of animal testicle extracts in the year 1889. Today, cell therapy is moving forward with ongoing studies of its clinical safety and effectiveness. Stem cell and non-stem cell-based unicellular or multicellular treatments are combined in cell therapy. It typically makes use of allogeneic or autologous cells; could make use of genetic engineering or other manipulations; and can be used topically, as injectables, infusions, scaffold-free systems, or as injectables. The various types of cell therapies, including stem cell-based and non-stem cell-based cell therapies, provide an overview of their nature as well as techniques for isolation and characterization. Cell therapy spans multiple therapeutic areas, including cancer therapy, immunotherapy, and regenerative medicine.1,2